Mr. HarrisonSCHOOL LOCATION AND TEACHERS’ JOB SATISFACTION IN BUSINESS STUDIES
Abstract
This research project was designed to investigate school location and teachers’ job satisfaction in Business Studies in Onna Local Government Area. Three (3) research questions and three (3) research hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Survey design was adopted and questionnaire was used as an instrument to obtain information for the study, it consists of 12 sample questionnaire items divided into two parts.
The study revealed that teachers are always satisfied in urban than rural areas for the fact that modern facilities / variables are always found/ available in urban than in rural areas. It was recommended that government should try to inculcate the habit of satisfaction in teachers by giving teachers the necessary benefits and increasing their salaries, promotion and bonus which in turn could motivate them to perform their job credibly.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
The relevance of teacher’s job satisfaction or motivation are very crucial to long-term growth of any educational system around the world. They probably rank long-side with professional knowledge, skill, center competences, educational resources and strategies as the variable determinants of educational success and performance. Muthayya (1999) job satisfaction is the contribution of two words, job and satisfaction, jobs is an occupational activities performed by an individual in return for the word.
Job satisfaction portrays the perception of the person towards his or her job, selected activities and environment. It is a combination of psychological and emotional experiences at work. Satisfaction refers to inner containment or happiness for the person engaged in any job. According to Zapt (2001), job satisfaction shows the relationship between “what one expects” and what one achieves, no task can effectively be accomplished unless a person derives enough of satisfaction out of it because work plays an important role in the life of a man.
Chan (2010) one of the most important purposes to do a job is to earn money because it is money only through which needs, demands can be fulfilled. If one gets a handsome salary by which one can afford the living may cause job satisfaction but if the salary cannot bear one’s expectations then one cannot be satisfied with the salary.
John (2010) opined that pay as one of the most important factors influencing one’s level of job satisfaction. Sometimes, it has also been found that other job related factors are not satisfaction but pay is good, in these kind of situations employees are willing to serve the organization just because of good pay, which does not suit the profession of a teacher.
Thus, job satisfaction may be a resultant feeling of satisfaction which the employee achieves by gaining from the job what he expects from it to satisfy his needs. It may be a function of need straight or expectation and potentiality of the job to provide for the fulfillment of needs.
According to Mehto (2012) job satisfaction is the attitude of an employee which results from specific factors related with job such as wages, supervision, and steadiness of employment, conditions of work, opportunities for advancement, recognition of ability, fair evaluation of the job, prompt with grievances, fair treatment by employer and other similar items. Job satisfaction is positive attitude towards one’s job (National Policy on Education (NPE, 2004).
Job satisfaction is job involvement which has to do with the occupational level of individual (teacher) because the practices of teachers are a very vital function in the educational development of any nation and society.
Teachers are seen as a group of key and vital body of professionals for a nation’s development. School administrators, despite the title are teachers; they work in a condition that their job satisfaction matters a lot. People vary in their needs in the work place.
The extent to which the school administrators are satisfied with their job is a potential indicator of their commitment to their responsibilities, management effectiveness and motivation. If there is a poor relationship between and among persons, environment and job characteristics, there may be problems with their behaviour at work.
This alone interest the researcher to design and investigate the extent to which school location and teachers’ job satisfaction could relate to academic performance of students in business studies among junior secondary schools in Onna Local Government Area.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The educational enterprise or industry like any other organization is very much dependent for it success on the management and administration and the teachers in the system which oversees its day to day operations.
However, it is assumed that teachers’ agitation and demands are beyond the resources of the Ministry of Education or the government. As a result of these, the Government of Nigeria and the Nigerian Union of Teachers (NUT) are in a constant stand-off over the increase in salaries, improvement in working condition and other benefits of teachers.
The Federal and Akwa Ibom State had argued that the present demands are beyond the government resources. One may hereby wonder whether job satisfaction of teachers in private secondary schools are much more than that of the public secondary schools (government owned schools) in Onna Local Government Area or whether schools location and teachers’ job satisfaction of male and female could influence academic performance of students in Business Studies among junior secondary schools in Onna Local Government Area.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of this study is to examine school location and Business Studies teachers’ job satisfaction in Onna Local Government Area. Specifically, the purposes of this study were to:
- Examine the relationship between urban school location Business studies teacher’s job satisfaction in Onna Local Government Area.
- Examine the relationship between rural school location and Business Studies teacher’s job satisfaction in Onna Local Government Area.
- Examine the relationship between semi-urban school location and Business Studies teacher’s job satisfaction in Onna Local Government Area.
1.3 Significance of the Study
It is believed that the result of this research work shall be useful to educational policy makers; it will help them to realize the importance of school location and Business Studies teacher’s job satisfaction and academic performance and how it relates to academic achievement and how it encourages or discourages both students and teachers on the purpose of effective supervision of academic activities in the educational system.
It will also be beneficially to teachers in the sense that it will help them on the need to develop positive attitude towards better academic activities despite the teacher’s job satisfaction in the area of educational sector. To the students, it will help or enable them to cope with the immediate environment and to take due advantage of their learning activities. Lastly, to the teachers, it will offer them better opportunities in the future research and also boost their performance in the area of schools location and teacher’s job satisfaction and academic performance of students in secondary schools.
1.5 Research Questions
The study focuses on the following research questions:
- To what extent does urban school location relate with Business Studies teacher’s job satisfaction in Onna Local Government Area?
- To what extent does rural school location relate with Business Studies teacher’s job satisfaction in Onna Local Government Area?
- To what extent does urban-rural school location relate with Business Studies teacher’s job satisfaction in Onna Local Government Area?
1.6 Research Hypotheses
- There is no significant relationship between in urban school location and Business Studies teacher’s job satisfaction in Onna Local Government Area.
- There is no significant relationship between rural school location and Business Studies teacher’s job satisfaction in Onna Local Government Area.
iii. There is no significant relationship between urban-rural school location and Business Studies teacher’s job satisfaction in Onna Local Government Area.
1.7 Delimitation of the Study
This study was delimited to the school location and teachers’ job satisfaction in Onna Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. It was further limited to the job satisfaction of public and private teachers, male and female teachers and also job satisfaction of rural and urban teachers in business studies in Onna Local Government Area.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
The following terms are necessary to be defined in order for the readers to understand the content of these materials without referring to the dictionary. These are:
School location: This is a place where a school or an institution/educational building is been cited or built. A building comprises of classrooms and academic facilities.
Teachers: An individual who always provides or impact knowledge to students/learners on the academically bases to improve their behaviour.
Job satisfaction: This is a word given to a worker in a workplace to motivate him/her to work more effectively.
Secondary school: This is a type of school for young people after their primary school, it is also known as high school.
Mr. Harrison
