Mr. HarrisonThe Influence of Audio-Visual Materials Utilization on Student’s Performance in Biology
ABSTRACTS
The study was design to investigate the influence of Audio-Visual materials utilization on student’s performance in Biology. The respondents in the study were eighty (80) senior secondary II student selected from two (2) out of eight Local Governments in Nsit Ibom Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The experimented design was used for the study. Also the biology achievement test was used.
T-test was used for the analysis of the results. The result obtained revealed that there is a significant difference in academic achievement of biology students taught digestive system using television and those taught without it. Also found was that there is no significant difference in academic achievement of male and female biology students taught digestive system concept with television. Summary was made, recommendations were considered and conclusion was drawn.
The Influence of Audio-Visual Materials Utilization on Student’s Performance in Biology
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Science is the bedrock of technological development of a nation. To this end the federal Government of Nigeria has continuously placed emphasis on the study of science and technology. Inspite of the importance of science in national development, student’s performance in science subjects is not encouraging as has been observered (Ibe, 2006). The poor performance of students has been attributed to poor teaching methods in the form of excessive talking, copying of notes and rote learning of textbook materials adopted by teachers and the students. The challenge of not having well equipped laboratory for practical experiences has also contributed to poor performance in biology (Ibe, 2006).
The students are exposed to expository rather than inquiring methods of science instruction which does not predispose students to experimentation (Anulobi, 2009). However, the National Policy of Education (NPE,2004), stated that the aim of education is to incalculate in the child, the spirit of inquiry and creativity through the exploration on nature. That education should equip students with skills with which to live functionally in our modern age of science and technology.
In line with the above objective, the aim of science is to develop in students the ability to think critically in other to make reasonable decision in issues that concern them, and the society at large. Research findings in education tend to indicate that the instructional materials adopted by teachers influence the cognitive, psychomotor and effective outcomes of the students. Instructional materials perform specific function in learning, such functions ranges from simplifying teaching to making teaching effective.
The Influence of Audio-Visual Materials Utilization on Student’s Performance in Biology
One of such instructional materials is instructional television. This is the production of television programme directed toward helping students of a specific target population achieve specific instructional objects. This could be through transmission of educational programs in the television which can be stored in video, compact Disk (CD) and Digital Video Disc (DVD), used to teach students repeatedly till they gain mastery of what is being taught. They could be employed in topics where teachers find it difficult or impossible to carry out practical’s due to in-availability of laboratory equipment. The main basic tasks of teaching are to release, investigate and increase such motivational processes and force like interest and the need, desire and wish to learn.
Audio-Visual materials are instructional materials which have both sound and visual components at the same time (prade, 2015). Te used of audio-visual aids is preferred as they are considered as 80% of the whole teaching and learning (Jadal, 2011). They keep the individual learner focus on what is being taught by the teacher in the classroom session. Audio-Visual aids makes a lesson more interesting and memorable experience not only for the teacher as well.
They play a vibrant role in focusing the attention of individual students towards the teacher or the topic. Human being have five senses which are doorway for effective learning especially seeing, hearing and touching which bring maximum knowledge for the individual. Research has shown that people remember 10% of what they hear, 20% of what they read and 80% of what they see, hear and also do (Lester, 2012). Besides, audio-visual aids are most effective tools for developing flawless communication and interaction between students and teachers. These aid not only help to save the time of teacher but also help in developing and arousing curiosity, creativity and motivation.
They emphasis of the comprehension of knowledge and concept as well as keep working on developing sound foundations for higher and further studies, especially in biology. It is therefore hopes that this research work will be able to assess the influence of audio-visual aids on academic performance of students in biology in Nsit Ibom Local Government Area.
The Influence of Audio-Visual Materials Utilization on Student’s Performance in Biology
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Biology remains one of the core science subject offered in senior secondary schools by science and non-science students alike. However, performance of students in this subjects both in internal and external examinations have not been very impressive.
Many workers and stakeholders have a related these poor performance on a number of factors including the non-availability of instructional materials like Audio-Visual materials. It is on this premise that the study is being carried out to determine the influence of Audio-Visual material utilization on academic achievement of biology students.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of this study is to determine the influence of audio-visual material utilization on academic performance of students in biology in Nsit Ibom Local Government Area. Specifically, the study seeks to;
- Determine the difference in academic achievement of students taught digestive system using television and those taught without it.
- Determine the difference in academic achievement of students between male and female biology students taught digestive system using television.
1.4 Research Questions
The following research questions were set to guide the study
- What is the difference in academic achievement of students taught digestive system using television and those taught without it?
- What is the difference in academic achievement between male and female biology students taught digestive system using television
1.5 Research Hypothesis
The following null hypothesis were formulated to guide the study;
- There is no significant difference in academic achievement of student taught digestive system using television and those taught without it.
- There is no significant difference in academic achievement between male and female biology students taught digestive system using television
1.6 Significance of the Study
The study will be significant in the following ways:
It will enable teachers to understand the effect of audio-visual material (television) utilization on students’ academic performance. It will serve as baseline data in the field of biology and related discipline. it will enable students to understand the effect of use of television in the teaching, and how it can help improve their academic performance. It will also enable educational administrators to re-strategize in their quest for qualitative education by ensuring that seminars and conference are organized to show the effect and relatedness of audio-visual aids utilization and academic performance.
1.7 Limitation of the Study
This research was to selected secondary schools in Nsit Ibom Local Government Area, and also to senior secondary school students offering biology. Resources availability to the researcher were inadequate, these include, adequate finance and limited time for the study.
The data used in this project work was limited to the information the research collected from books, periodicals, students and teachers.
1.8 Delimitation of the Study
The study is delimited to the effects of audio-visual materials (television) utilization on academic achievement of students in biology in secondary school in Nsit Ibom Local Government Area.
1.9 Definition of Terms
The following are taken as the definition to suit the purpose of the study;
(i) Audio-Visual Materials: These are instructional aids that appeal to the hearing and seeing sense at the same time. Example include; Laptop computer, television, Over-head projector, slide projector amongst others.
(ii) Instructional Media: These are resources which may be used by learner in solution or in combination formally or informally to facilitate the acquisition and evaluation of knowledge, skill and morals.
(iii) Motivation: It is the ability and willingness of the learner to sustain his/her interest on a given programme of study due to internal or external influence
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Many research work have been conducted in area related to this study, especially in the field of science, like chemistry, mathematics, physics, but literature review as it affects biology is relatively scares. However, the review of related literature will therefore be based on the following area:
2.1 Concept of Audio-Visual material utilization
2.2 Values of Audio-Visual material utilization
2.3 Constraint in procuring and utilization of Audio-Visual materials for biology teaching
2.4 Audio-Visual material utilization and academic performance of students according to location
2.5 Gender and Academic Achievement of students
Mr. Harrison
